Selected publications in manifold theory
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− | + | This is a '''timeline of important publications in the theory of [[Wikipedia:manifold|manifold]]s''', including | |
+ | * [[Wikipedia:differentiable|smooth]] manifolds, | ||
+ | * [[Wikipedia:piecewise-linear|piecewise-linear]] manifolds; | ||
+ | * [[topological manifolds]]; | ||
+ | * [[homology manifolds]]. | ||
+ | See also: | ||
+ | * [http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Chronology/index.html Chronology] at MacTutor | ||
+ | * [http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Indexes/Geometry_Topology.html Geometry and topology] at MacTutor | ||
+ | * [[Manifolds timeline|timeline of ''events'' in manifold theory]] | ||
− | + | ==Up to 1900== | |
+ | <wikitex>; | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" | ||
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 18?? || ... || ... | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </wikitex> | ||
+ | ==1900 - 1930== | ||
+ | <wikitex>' | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" | ||
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 19?? || ... || ... | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </wikitex> | ||
− | - | + | ==1930 - 1960== |
− | { | + | <wikitex>; |
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" | ||
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 1956 || [http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Milnor.html Milnor]|| {{CiteD2|Milnor1956|On manifolds homeomorphic to the $7$-sphere}} | ||
+ | Showed the existence of several smooth structures on a fixed topological manifold: in this case the $7$-sphere. | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </wikitex> | ||
− | - | + | ==1961 - 1970== |
+ | <wikitex>; | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" | ||
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |1960 || [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kervaire Kervaire] || {{citeD2|Kervaire1960a|A manifold which does not admit any differentiable structure}} | ||
+ | Used surgery to find a PL manifold in dimension 10 which admits no smooth structure <ref>An interesting fact is that Milnor could easily have made this observation in his 1956 paper {{citeD|Milnor1956}} on $7$-spheres.</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |1961 || [http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Smale.html Smale] || {{citeD2|Smale1961|Generalized Poincaré's conjecture in dimensions greater than four}} | ||
+ | Proved that every smooth homotopy sphere of dimension 6 or more is homeomorphic to the standard sphere | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |1963 || [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kervaire Kervaire] [http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Milnor.html Milnor] || {{citeD2|Kervaire&Milnor1963|Groups of homotopy spheres I}} | ||
+ | Applied surgery theory to the diffeomorphism classification of smooth structures the n-sphere | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </wikitex> | ||
− | + | ==1971 - 1980== | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | == | + | |
<wikitex>; | <wikitex>; | ||
− | ... | + | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 19?? || ... || ... | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </wikitex> | ||
+ | ==1981 - 1990== | ||
+ | <wikitex>; | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" | ||
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 1982 || [http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Freedman.html Freedman] || {{citeD2|Freedman1982|The topology of four-dimensional manifolds}} | ||
+ | Proves the Poincaré conjecture in dimension 4 | ||
+ | |} | ||
</wikitex> | </wikitex> | ||
− | == | + | ==1991 - 2000== |
− | { | + | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" |
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 19?? || ... || ... | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | ==2001 - present== | |
+ | <wikitex>; | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" | ||
+ | ! style="width:8%" | Year | ||
+ | ! style="width:10%" | Authors | ||
+ | ! Publication and remarks | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 20?? || ... || ... | ||
+ | |} | ||
</wikitex> | </wikitex> | ||
+ | == Discussion == | ||
+ | ==Footnotes== | ||
+ | <references/> | ||
+ | == References == | ||
+ | {{#RefList:}} |
Revision as of 16:37, 14 December 2010
This is a timeline of important publications in the theory of manifolds, including
- smooth manifolds,
- piecewise-linear manifolds;
- topological manifolds;
- homology manifolds.
See also:
- Chronology at MacTutor
- Geometry and topology at MacTutor
- timeline of events in manifold theory
Contents |
1 Up to 1900
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
18?? | ... | ... |
2 1900 - 1930
'
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
19?? | ... | ... |
3 1930 - 1960
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
1956 | Milnor | On manifolds homeomorphic to the -sphere
Showed the existence of several smooth structures on a fixed topological manifold: in this case the -sphere. |
4 1961 - 1970
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
1960 | Kervaire | A manifold which does not admit any differentiable structure
Used surgery to find a PL manifold in dimension 10 which admits no smooth structure |
|- |1961 || Smale || Generalized Poincaré's conjecture in dimensions greater than four Proved that every smooth homotopy sphere of dimension 6 or more is homeomorphic to the standard sphere |- |1963 || Kervaire Milnor || Groups of homotopy spheres I Applied surgery theory to the diffeomorphism classification of smooth structures the n-sphere |}
5 1971 - 1980
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
19?? | ... | ... |
6 1981 - 1990
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
1982 | Freedman | The topology of four-dimensional manifolds
Proves the Poincaré conjecture in dimension 4 |
7 1991 - 2000
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
19?? | ... | ... |
8 2001 - present
Year | Authors | Publication and remarks |
---|---|---|
20?? | ... | ... |
9 Discussion
10 Footnotes
- ↑ An interesting fact is that Milnor could easily have made this observation in his 1956 paper [Milnor1956] on $7$-spheres.