Microbundle

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(Introduction)
(Introduction)
Line 15: Line 15:
For any space $M$ define the diagonal embedding
For any space $M$ define the diagonal embedding
$$\Delta_M \colon M \to M \times M;x \mapsto (x,x)~.$$
$$\Delta_M \colon M \to M \times M;x \mapsto (x,x)~.$$
If $M$ is a differentiable $n$-manifold the normal bundle of $\nu_M$ is the tangent bundle $\tau_M$.
+
If $M$ is a differentiable $n$-manifold the normal bundle of $\Delta_M$ is the tangent bundle $\tau_M$ of $M$.
In the topological category we have:
In the topological category we have:

Revision as of 07:05, 9 June 2012

An earlier version of this page was published in the Definitions section of the Bulletin of the Manifold Atlas: screen, print.

You may view the version used for publication as of 12:20, 16 May 2013 and the changes since publication.

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1 Introduction

The concept of Microbundle of dimension n was first introduced in [Milnor1964] to give a model for the tangent bundle of an n-dimensional topological manifold. Later [Kister1964] showed that every microbundle uniquely determines a topological \Rr^n-bundle.


Definition 1.1 [Milnor1964] .

An n-dimensional microbundle is a quadruple (E,B,i,j) such that there is a sequence
\displaystyle B\xrightarrow{i} E\xrightarrow{j} B
and the following conditions hold.
  1. j\circ i=\id_B
  2. for all x\in B there exist open neigbourhood U\subset B, an open neighbourhood V\subset E of i(b) and a homeomorphism
    \displaystyle h \colon V \to U\times \mathbb{R}^n

which makes the following diagram commute:

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For any space M define the diagonal embedding

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If M is a differentiable n-manifold the normal bundle of
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is the tangent bundle \tau_M of M.

In the topological category we have:

Example 1.2 [Milnor1964, Lemma 2.1]. Let M be topological n-manifold, and let p_1 \colon M \times M \to M be the projection onto the first factor. Then

\displaystyle  (M \times M, M, \Delta_M, p_1)

is an n-dimensional microbundle.

Example 1.3. Let \pi \colon E \to B be a topological \Rr^n-bundle with zero section s \colon B \to E. Then
\displaystyle (E, B, s, \pi)

is an n-dimensional microbundle.

Definition 1.4. Two microbundles (E_n,B,i_n,j_n), n=1,2 over the same space B are isomorphic if there exist neighbourhoods V_1\subset E_1 of i_1(B) and V_2\subset E_2 of i_2(B) and a homeomorphism H\colon V_1\to V_2 making the following diagram commute.

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Theorem 1.5 [Kister1964, Theorem 2] . Let (E, B, i, j) be an n-dimensional microbundle. Then there is a neighbourhood of i(B), E_1 \subset E such that:

  1. E_1 is the total space of a topological \Rr^n-bundle over B.
  2. The inclusion E_1 \to E is a microbundle isomorphism
  3. If E_2 \subset E is any other such neighbourhood of i(B) then there is a \Rr^n-bundle isomorphism
    Tex syntax error
    .

2 References

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